August 29, 2024
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Many moons ago, I used to read Fine Homebuilding magazine. I’m not that interested in building fine homes anymore. This Old Hovel would be my kind of publication, but it don’t exist. But I got to wondering what was going on in contemporary home building, and what sort of new techniques are being used in new house construction.
Because the intertunnel is functionally retarded, asking for contemporary anything, or modern whatnot, just delivers a deluge of SEO-infected drivel sites with pictures of “modern” or “contemporary” house plans, because those adjectives have been debased beyond recognition. Modern-style houses aren’t, by the way. The style is basically as old as Arts and Crafts. It’s barely more modern than a Victorian. And contemporary just means a 60 or 70 year old house idea.
But Fine Homebuilding appeared from the scrum, and lied magnificently when they claimed that “The Future of Framing Is Here,” and that “Smarter strategies can save money, speed construction, improve energy efficiency, and cut down on job-site waste.”
You can read the whole thing if you want to. But to save time and your eyeballs, here’s a graphic depiction of their ideas:
I’m fairly obtuse on a good day, but today I’ll be unequivocal: You don’t want any of that.
As you all know by now, I have a modest and unassuming personality, so I think everyone should just do what I tell them and I shouldn’t have to explain myself, because I’m, you know, me. But just in case you need some ‘splainin, Lucy, I’ll list my objections forthwith.
No header in non-bearing wall
The headers in wall framing do more than carry loads from above. Part of their job is to stiffen the opening. Windows really, really don’t like any deflection in the framing in the rough openings, and get jammed shut pretty easy if the opening doesn’t stay square. And lots of interior things like to be nailed to that header you don’t think you need, dudes.
Header hangers eliminate jack studs
Super duper bad idea is super bad. I’ve already explained why almost everything in your house is a bendy thing atop two crushy things. This can’t be improved upon, but it can be wrecked. The author thinks steel is stronger than wood, so he’s making things better. He ain’t. The hanger brackets can be stronger than a fat girl’s ice cream scoop, but it doesn’t matter. You’re hanging the brackets on nails. Things hanging on nails sag over time. A beam on top of two posts doesn’t. And framing brackets cost more than the bits of 2×4 you use for the jack studs anyway. And nailing off brackets is time consuming and uses a lot of fasteners, which aren’t free, you know. And the opening is less stiff, and might bow out or in in the middle because it’s a bearing wall. So the window might bind. And there isn’t enough wood around the window to nail interior trim to. Other than that, I have no opinion about the practice.
Single top plate
No, no, no. To use a single top plate, the author is forced to place all the roof framing directly over the studs, which is very fussy and time consuming. And we’re back to having a very small target for interior finishes. And the ceiling is 1-1/2″ lower. And framing lumber isn’t all made from old growth trees with grain like railroad tracks anymore. A single top plate will wander under snow and wind loads, and just plain warping with humidity changes. Double it up, and it’s stiffer, and the two pieces sort of average out any lack of straightness.
Place windows and doors on stud layout
This is akin to telling your wife not to deliver your baby on Super Bowl Sunday because you won’t be home. Cart, meet horse. The proper placement, proportions, and total size of windows is really important. Treating it like an afterthought to avoid using an extra wall stud or two is el stupido.
Rigid foam sheathing improves thermal performance
This is called petitio principii. Begging the question. It’s assumes without evidence that bowdlerizing your sheathing to improve thermal performance is an absolute good. It isn’t. Your sheathing has a lot of work to do. Your insulation has other work to do. Stay in your lanes, people.
2×6 at 24 in. on center
Nope, nope, nope. A 2×4 is 3-1/2″ wide. A 2×6 is 5-1/2″ wide. The author is desperate to stuff more insulation in the wall, so he makes it deeper. Then he figures he’s using bigger studs, so he can space them out wider, and stuff in yet more insulation. It’s all dumb.
If he bothered to do the math, he’d take the 2 extra inches of framing and multiply it by the linear footage of all the exterior walls in the house. There’s about 240 linear feet of exterior walls in a small cape. That means that the interior finished space is 40 square feet less because you used 2×6 instead of 2×4 studs. Why not just make the house design 40 square feet smaller, and use the less expensive lumber? You’ll probably save $6,000+ on the deal, even on a small house. It’ll cost less to cool and heat because it’s smaller. Oh yes, and you won’t have to pay a premium for deeper window jambs and sills. And you won’t have to have as much glass in the house, because the rooms aren’t dark because the windows aren’t set in niches. And if you’ve got a single top plate, too, the ceilings are slightly lower, and less light makes it into the room, so you need more or bigger windows.
Single stud at rough openings
I thought we put a surveyor’s stake in this thing’s heart already, but I’ll bite. You want all the openings in your walls to be as stiff and strong as possible. This is simply cutting corners any way you look at it. Walls do interesting things under unusual loading conditions, like high winds and not enough structure around openings. You do not want your house to do interesting things.
For point loads, the rim joist acts as a header
Jayzuz, no. I thought we were “cutting down on jobsite waste.” It’s vanishingly easy to go to the cutoff pile and find floor framing lumber scraps to double up at the rim joist where point loads are carried. Once again, the author doesn’t understand the problem. The floor joists are not going to be crushed by a point load. They’re going to rotate. The only thing keeping them from rotating if you don’t double them on the inside with a block is the toenailed fasteners through the rim joist. The nails are pounded into the end grain of the joists, which is inherently weak, too. It would take a gopher/helper an hour to go around the site with cut-offs from the scrap pile to fix all these. What is the point?
Stacked framing transfers load directly
Once again I say brethren, “So what?” It’s fussy and time consuming to line up all the framing just to save a few framing members and a top plate. You’re also letting structural concerns completely lord over things like the size of the rooms. So the windows go any old place the framing likes, and the floor framing can’t accommodate things like stairwells where you want them, lest you use an extra 2×10 or something. Silly.
Minimize stud nailers at intersecting walls
Oh, I’ve had to work on drywall in this sort of carpenter’s houses. There’s nothing to screw into in the corners and around the ceiling, and what is there bends like a Comăneci even if you can find it. There’s a reason why so many framing problems are solved by strongbacks. Strongbacks are framing members nailed perpendicular to one another. They’re straight in the first place, and don’t bend easily.
Properly sized header with foam on interior
I’m not sure if the author doesn’t know how to frame, or how to write. Headers have been made for many moons by sandwiching a piece of rigid foam in between two pieces of lumber. The insulation acts as a thermal break, and makes the header the right thickness for the wall framing. And you can nail stuff to your heart’s content inside and out.
No Cripples under ends of windowsill
We’ve been over this, haven’t we? Two cripples under the sill use maybe 4 lineal feet of 2x4s. You can usually find them in the scrap pile, but even if you can’t it’s about a buck and a half of lumber per window. I built two houses without using a single dumpster, so I know this stuff by heart. Skipping cripples is just shoddy work, no matter how hard you try to call it economical. Remember the crushy things, people!
Two-stud corners won’t compress batt insulation
We’re begging questions again. Who the hell is still using batt insulation? Blow in cellulose. Or loose fiberglass. Or if you don’t like money, and would like to get rid of a lot of it in a hurry, spray foam. Good luck fishing a wire in your house forevermore if you go that route, though.
Smarter strategies, huh? Well, what do I know? I’m just some guy on the intertunnel. You’re free to follow Fine Homebuilding’s advice if you like. They’re like, important and official and whatnot. You won’t save any money, the work will go slower, your energy efficiency will be worse, and you’ll have a dumpster full of framing cut-offs instead of jack studs and cripples in your walls. Other than that, I’m sure you’ll enjoy living in the fourth little pig’s house. It’ll be restful to sit outside it, and watch it sway in the breeze.
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